Reading — History of Medicine

"Throughout history, various societies and cultures have developed different views in their approach to illnesses and diseases."

لماذا استخدم الكاتب have developed وليس developed فقط؟

"One of the most important periods in the development of medicine is called 'the Golden Age of Arabic Medicine'."

لماذا استخدم الكاتب is called وليس called أو was called؟

"The books of Arabic science are not only by Muslim authors, because Arab civilization is the result of consecutive and continuous efforts of various nations."

ما معنى consecutive وكيف يختلف عن continuous؟

"In ancient times, people used to cure sickness by using plants, herbs and other materials."

ما وظيفة used to في هذه الجملة؟ وكيف تختلف عن was using؟

"In countries such as Egypt, Greece, Rome, Mesopotamia, India and China, medicine was magical and mythological and diseases were attributed mostly to the supernatural forces."

ما معنى were attributed to؟ وما نوع هذه الصيغة النحوية؟

"Thus, before hospitals developed, patients were treated mostly in temples."

ما وظيفة Thus في بداية هذه الجملة؟

"The practice of medicine during the Middle Ages was empirical; it focused mainly on curing illnesses rather than discovering their causes."

ما معنى empirical؟ وكيف يوضح النقطان ; العلاقة بين الجملتين؟

"At that time, cures continued to be a mixture of superstitions, religion, herbal remedies, bleeding and purging."

لماذا استخدم الكاتب continued to be وليس were فقط؟

"Moreover, medical schools were established, but most people never saw a doctor because of the high-cost treatments."

ما وظيفة Moreover؟ وما العلاقة بين الجملتين المرتبطتين بـ but؟

"Around the 16th century, medicine witnessed groundbreaking developments such as vaccination, human anatomy, surgery and microbiology."

ما معنى groundbreaking؟ وما الصورة البلاغية فيها؟

"Modern medicine started to emerge in the late 18th century and therefore, there were many improvements on medical tools and machines."

ما وظيفة therefore في هذه الجملة؟

"As a result, nursing came to be thought of as a respectable job."

ما وظيفة As a result؟ وما الصيغة النحوية في came to be thought of؟

"Arabic medicine has made a major contribution to the development of pharmacy."

لماذا has made وليس made؟ وما دلالة ذلك؟

"Due to the rapid advance of technology, it is certain that medicine will continue to develop in ways we have yet to imagine."

ما معنى have yet to imagine؟ وما الفرق بينها وبين haven't imagined yet؟